Cellulase is an enzyme that breaks down cellulose, the most abundant natural biopolymer, into its monomers by cleaving at random positions in the chain. Cellulases are classified into three types based on their mode of action: Endoglucanases : These enzymes hydrolyze internal β-1,4-glucosidic linkages in cellulose, lichenin, and cereal β-D-glucans. Exoglucanases or Cellobiohydrolases : They act on the non-reducing ends of cellulose chains, releasing cellobiose (a disaccharide of glucose). β-Glucosidases : These enzymes further break down cellobiose into individual glucose molecules. Cellulose breakdown is economically significant because it makes a major constituent of plants available for consumption and use in chemical reactions. While most mammals have limited ability to digest dietary fibers like cellulose, some herbivorous animals (such as ruminants and hindgut fermenters) produce cellulases through symbiotic bacteria. Additionally, cellulases have been found in green microalgae, expanding our understanding of their distribution in nature

Features:

• Endoglucanases : These enzymes hydrolyze internal β-1,4-glucosidic linkages in cellulose, lichenin, and cereal β-D-glucans.

• Exoglucanases or Cellobiohydrolases : They act on the non-reducing ends of cellulose chains, releasing cellobiose (a disaccharide of glucose).

• β-Glucosidases : These enzymes further break down cellobiose into individual glucose molecules.